Similarities Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay

Similarities Differences Between Asian And Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay Asia Financial Crisis (AFC) in 1997 was started with devaluation of Thailands baht and followed by Ringgit Malaysia, Philippine Peso, and Indonesian Rupiah. There were some causes of the crisis such as South East Asia current account deficit, overvalued assets prices, corruption and macroeconomic policy mistake and excess lending. Most of South East Asia Countries was facing current account deficit, some countries had 5% above GDP. They solved this deficit by attracting inflows of investment from overseas, regularly on short term investment. This is because financial deregulation and capital liberalization in the west countries, so it began to persuade developing countries to adopt free market as well. Then, foreign investment ostensibly good for economic but actually not, the problem is not from free movement of capital however that the country will be very dependent on foreign short term capital flow. Short-term borrowing (i.e. loans of less than a years duration) meant there should be had liquid assets in the banks account it will causes motivating a large part of their capital inflows were increasing the lending rate, which directly some of domestic banks actively seek foreign funds from the West to finance the lending with the consequences country will facing excess lending. Secondly, the weakness of the South East Asian economies was not practically overvalued their assets make them weak to a quick depression. In Thailand property market become the weakness of financial sector, according to Robert Chote (1998) Thailand bank had lending funds to non bank financial institution, which is property market investors. It is approximation quarter of bank in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia was lending their funds through intermediaries for property related investment. The third causes of AFC has been the internal factor of each developing country that is badly ill of corruption and does not handle capital market in a transparency, there was insufficient regulatory framework in business especially for the bank in South East Asia. For example in Indonesia, banks would never refuse to lend money to businesses have relation with the former president Suharto family, the lenders just think those borrowers would be able to repay the debt, even the investment failed. Another factor was macroeconomic policies, which is pegging domestic currency to the US dollar had significant effects, by maintaining the fixed dollar rate between South East Asian economies in effect caused their currencies to appreciate. Then, when the crisis was develop the inflation of the US dollar give some trouble to those countries facing large deficit, but it would also make it harder to fund their deficit. Therefore the effect of AFC will be affecting in Asia and to the global market. In the Asia region, one of the distinct effects has been the devaluation in the value against US dollar and usually the economy performance can be seen in stock market, which is the country in crisis will experience quick drops in the stock market because stock market would be likely to fall reflect the lower anticipated profit. Another indication of the financial crisis was interest rate will rise rapidly to prevent further devaluation of the currencies, for example in Indonesia they raise overnight interest rate to 300% in 1997, but still failed to stop exchange rate from collapsing. In Malaysia, the stock and the currency market nearly collapses and also GDP growth rate dropped from 7.3% to negative 7.4%, but the economy conditions recover in 1999. The global impact of AFC economic turmoil is expected to give effect of some downturns in economic growth since the crisis began. The devaluation of South East Asian currencies will decrease the demand for western goods which are making the goods more expensive to obtain than usual. But, the positive consequence is the growth of export from major economies. Another impact in devaluation of currencies will give trade advantage to South East Asian companies, but the cost to acquiring assets will be increased as well, as a consequence, foreign direct investment will drop. Compared with current Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the causes of GFC are linked to the turn down of financial markets. In US, banking industries has been affected by subprime mortgage trend which is more likely from real estate. According to Krugman (2009) the crisis growth from housing crisis to banking crisis are very fast. The impact GFC in financial institution in developing countries in Asia, in fact the financial institution in developing country relatively unaffected as they have good track record on borrowing and lending process so, it will help to minimize the risk. Then general recommendation, for financial institution would government should make clear regulation, then by funding market and supporting trouble assets market it will give liquidity to bank. Because this is a global issue, it may require cooperation other countries to make solution. In case of GFC, Asian economies will move slowly, it is because most of the countries dependant to foreign demands, therefore when US and west countries struggle it relatively will give effect to Asian countries. But, since AFC most of Asia countries have good fundamental in their economy but policy adjustments for each country to adapt the situation are necessary. The impacts of GFC in Malaysia are in foreign exchange rate, finance sector, banking system and trade. Exchange rates in Malaysia since de-pegging in from US in 2005 have impact to capital flow to the Ringgit (Ooi, 2008), this depreciation in Ringgit value is related to the demand of portfolio flow and export sector. This will help Malaysia to improve their export for counter global recession. In finance sector, Malaysia have suffered big impact on capital flow because US financial institution more concern to their domestic market, and in capital flow portfolio is the one most volatile. In Malaysia stock exchange, many foreign players involved then when the crisis, many foreign participants take their part back, and affecting to the stock market in KLCI. According to Bank Negara Malaysia (2008), low debt repayment by private sector and official sector cause decreasing in direct investment. The impact on banking system was quite under control as local banks had small correlation with US subprime loan, and also local bank have learned from AFC in 1997. For trade, there has big impact in Malaysia because of very dependent in the world market, in 2009 Malaysia made biggest drop in export rate including in manufactured export, electronic, agricultural and natural resources export. Malaysias exports have a high relation with their import. So when exports decrease, imports also decrease. In conclusion, AFC give good fundamental Asian countries when facing GFC. Then both of the crises always give global impact in economics to all countries in the world, and as financial crisis all financial market will be affected. The differences are just the volume of the impact and how they will find the solution to manage their problem. QUESTION 2 Discuss in detail on the impact of Capital Control imposed by the Malaysian Government in 1998 on the economy in general, giving special consideration on the pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. In 1957, Malaysia adopt floating exchange rate that only volatile around RM 2.50. During the floating exchange rate in 1991 1997, the growth of GDP in Malaysia was higher and was calculated approximately at 9.2 percent a year. On the other hand, during the financial crisis, the economic growth became negative. Moreover, in 1999, the growth started to recover from -7.6 per a year to 6.1 percent a year. This condition can be happened due to the investors confidence has recovered and the business started the expansion movement (Talib, nd). Financial crisis in 1998 caused catastrophe to countries in Asia, such as Indonesia, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines and Malaysia. In those years, every country in Asia was preventing itself from the crisis by defensive method. It is also followed by IMF term that every country has to tighten their capital and exchange control. This action is taken due to ensure the investors confidence and stem capital outflow. On the other hand, Malaysia challenged it by imposing restriction on capital repatriation by foreign investor and on offshore trading of ringgit-denominated assets (Sharma, 2003). According to Sharma in The Malaysian Capital Control Regime of 1998, she stated that due to capital control, it downturn the economic in Malaysia. For example, export in electronic especially showed low demand and rises of lower cost producers. She added also that the price of the residential and commercial property increase. Moreover, subsidies are needed in industries, such as automobiles, cement, steel and others. But the troublesome is the falling in the assets quality of the bank because of the uncontrolled rapid credit expansion that made speculative price bubbles happened. Also there was difference in assets and liabilities that made the market vulnerable and seriously exposed. So, when financial crisis in Asia happened, Malaysian Ringgit became very volatile and the trading of Ringgit against USD at RM 4.22 per 1 USD. Thus government made decision to peg the Ringgit with USD at RM 3.82 per 1 USD. The Malaysian government not only concern about the economy in Malaysia but also the virtual pegging of Malaysian Ringgit against USD. At that time Malaysian Ringgit weakened against USD, this is because the unlimited currency trading market. Many speculators that short or sell the Malaysian Ringgit in case of depreciated (Sharma, 2003). Malaysia also imposes restriction on exchange rate transaction to prevent speculator take position against ringgit and also to protect foreign exchange reserves and recover monetary. The process of recovery not only by pegging and controlling the currencies Bank Negara also take a part to support the process of recovery, they impose stretched limit on transfer of capital to foreign countries by residents, the central bank maintains its commitment to exchange rate stability and rules out revaluation, massive capital inflows translate into a massive increase in the domestic money supply, leading to suspected undervaluation and inflationary pressure thi s decision was to prevent potential escape or people try to cheating. The Governments declaration of a guarantee of bank deposit also carries positive effect in Malaysia. In conclusion, Malaysia was able to control the Asia Financial Crisis in 1998, with the collaboration all other sectors including Government and financial institution by designing effective capital control and effective enforcement which are showed political ability and outstanding institutional. QUESTION 3 Based on your understanding of the Financial System in Malaysia, critically argue on how we could minimize the impact from another catastrophic economic crisis (if any). The Malaysian financial system was insecure during the Asian financial crisis. This encouraged the government to take holistic approach towards financial restructuring. It has been shown in paper4-emerging issues in Malaysian financial system: policy and challenges (2005) the government took approaches to restructure which includes the establishment of Danaharta, Danamodal and CDRC (Credit Debt Restructuring Committee) and promoted consolidation with merge exercise. Within 2 years, Malaysia managed to get out of the crisis with low usage of public funds (less than 5% of GNP) for the restructuring efforts and restoring economic stability. The government realized that the financial sector has to be transformed to address inherent weakness and set foundation for longer term development efforts amidst intense competitive pressures, globalization and liberalization of financial markets. How to cope with the crisis can be in various ways. But the initial priorities in dealing with the crisis were to stabilize the financial system and to restore confidence in economic management. Strong actions were needed to stop bank runs, protect the payment system, limit central bank liquidity support, and minimize disruptions to credit flows, maintain monetary control, and stop capital outflows. According to the financial sector crisis and restructuring lesson from Asia, it suggests that the countries emergency measures, such as the introduction of blanket guarantees and bank closings, were accompanied by comprehensive bank restructuring programs and supported by macroeconomic stabilization policies. Blanket guarantees for depositors and creditors were used in Malaysia to restore confidence and to protect banks funding. Despite the huge contingent costs and moral hazard problems involved, the government opts to guarantee the deposit rather than risking the credibility of their ba nking systems. The guarantees were effective in stabilizing banks domestic fundingalthough in some cases it took some time to gain credibilitybut were less effective in stabilizing banks foreign funding where Malaysia adopted capital controls. The developments within the domestic economy such as embarking on expansionary fiscal policies, easing monetary policy, implementing capital controls, and fixing the exchange rate can help to lead an improvement in the Malaysian economy. A well-functioning and efficient financial system is vital in ensuring effective and efficient conduct of monetary policy. The need to hit information technology will increasingly be important to meet more difficult demand. Banking sector needs large amount of capital investments to remain competitive and be able to assume greater risks. The financial system must adapt to meet the changing requirements for financing new economic activities. In particular, new areas of growth have different characteristics, which may limit their access to the traditional form of the bank-based financing. The capital market will play an important role in financing the growth and businesses. In order for Malaysia to remain internationally competitive, some of the important challenges will include such as continuing to Pursue Liberalization, Foreign Direct Investment, Building Good Governance and an Ethical Regulatory Framework, Restructuring and Upgrading the Industrial and Technological Base. In terms of the foreign exchange, Malaysia can get advantage by pegged exchange rate during the crisis. This brings advantages such as Relative stability in the foreign exchange market, Avoiding the day-to-day management of the exchange rate, The fixed exchange rate provided more certainty for businesses to make business and pricing decisions, Fixing of the Ringgit against the US dollar resulted in some independence in setting the level of interest rate, Avoids a trade-off between an accommodative monetary policy to avoid a contraction of the economy, and the need to check further deterioration in the Ringgit exchange rate. Comprehensive bank restructuring strategies in Malaysia sought to restore financial sector reliability as soon as possible, and at least cost to the government, while providing an appropriate incentive structure for the restructuring. The strategies included setting up appropriate institutional frameworks, removing nonviable institutions from the system, strengthening viable institutions, dealing with value-impaired assets, improving prudential regulations and banking supervision, and promoting transparency in financial market operations. According to the IMFs publication, more transparency in macro and microeconomic data and policies would have exposed vulnerabilities earlier and helped lessen the crisis. Better regulatory and supervisory frameworks would have helped, but supervisors would most likely not have been able to take necessary actions in the middle of the economic boom. No one foresaw the sudden massive erosion of loan values, once market sentiment changed and exchange rates collapsed. Broad-based reforms are under way to strengthen the institutional, administrative, and legal frameworks in the crisis countries, based on evolving international best practices, codes, core principles, and standards. The crisis has shown the need to tailor prudential policies so that resilience is built up in times of economic booms to deal more easily with inevitable economic downturns. International efforts have been undertaken to reduce the likelihood and intensity of future crises. Initiatives include work on the internat ional financial architecture, the Financial Stability Forum, and financial sector stability assessments. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has formulated improvements to regulation and supervision of international lenders to address weaknesses that contributed to the Asian crisis.

Personal Develop Plan

.0Introduction University is a time for personal exploration and growth, as well as gaining subject knowledge and skills. Entering a university is a very important in a person’s life, but at the same time it is an experience that will change your lifestyle and personality forever. The purpose of this essay is to show the goals of my personal development plan in the college. The goals include academic goal, personal goal and career goal. Through these goals I want to achieve my goals and improve myself. 2. 0Main body 2. 1Academic goalFirst of all, the academic goal means this goal must be academic. This goal is aimed to improve some skill which is good for study. It is connected with students, make sure that can achievement. My academic goal is pass the subject assignment for my first semester. When I started my degree study, I am worry about that. I think I need to improve many skills in the first semester. So I planned three activities to achievement it. First activities is r ead more books about business skills, I can go to the library borrow some books about that.Through this activities I can get more information then use to my assignment. A second activity is group study. I need to find partner group with me. Complete team work can help me grasp more skills, but I also need improve on my ability to work in a group. A last activity is solving some problems about assignment. Find to problems which are need our solving. I can use the Internet or books to solve it. I now feel relaxed. These activities help me to achieve my goal. In the future, I will keep on achieving my new goal, and try to find much more method to help me. 2. 2Personal goal Personal Develop Plan .0Introduction University is a time for personal exploration and growth, as well as gaining subject knowledge and skills. Entering a university is a very important in a person’s life, but at the same time it is an experience that will change your lifestyle and personality forever. The purpose of this essay is to show the goals of my personal development plan in the college. The goals include academic goal, personal goal and career goal. Through these goals I want to achieve my goals and improve myself. 2. 0Main body 2. 1Academic goalFirst of all, the academic goal means this goal must be academic. This goal is aimed to improve some skill which is good for study. It is connected with students, make sure that can achievement. My academic goal is pass the subject assignment for my first semester. When I started my degree study, I am worry about that. I think I need to improve many skills in the first semester. So I planned three activities to achievement it. First activities is r ead more books about business skills, I can go to the library borrow some books about that.Through this activities I can get more information then use to my assignment. A second activity is group study. I need to find partner group with me. Complete team work can help me grasp more skills, but I also need improve on my ability to work in a group. A last activity is solving some problems about assignment. Find to problems which are need our solving. I can use the Internet or books to solve it. I now feel relaxed. These activities help me to achieve my goal. In the future, I will keep on achieving my new goal, and try to find much more method to help me. 2. 2Personal goal

Crime in Kansas City

Atlanta, and Cleveland. Kansas City's crime risk is more tun three times the national average. i guess it could be worse. e could be St. Louis, the ations number one city for crime. The national crime data from 2011 showed that Kansas City had the 10th highest rate of violent crime of 72 US cities with more than 250,000 people. Our murder rates were seventh highest of the 72 large cities, and second highest of its midwestern peers. These figures show that supporters of state control have few facts on their side when arguing that the current arrangement does much to keep the crimes in Kansas City low. Boosters of local control point out that a change could lead to more innovative approaches to battling crime.Elected officials and the entire city hall staff ust have more responsibility and accountability for reducing crime in the future. Kansas city is one the few US cities without local control of its police agencies. KCS police staffing and police budget were compared to 10 other cit ies: Denver, Fort Worth, Indianapolis, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, Oklahoma City, Omaha, St. Louis and Tulsa. Kansas City had the second highest cost for its Police Department per 1,000 residents. And the third highest number of uniformed and civilian employees per 1,000 residents. So that being said, why does Kansas city have such a high crime rate?Kansas City, with a land area of almost 320 square miles, is somewhat split into two separate divisions. south of the Missouri River, and north of the River. Two very different from each other in many ways. south of the river is more urban, which would make since because Down Town KC is south of the river. north of the river is mostly all suburban. The main difference between these two sides of the river is Crime Rate. North of the river, north Kansas city is relatively safe. With a total of 15 homicides over the last five years, thats an average of only three annually.South of the river is he part of Kansas City that gets most of t he headlines for violent crime. its a dangerous place to live, especially anywhere around Troost Avenue to the interstateate 435. What i am getting at is, since the northland isn't where all of the crime is at, move some of the law enforcement from the North to the South. I read an article that was explaining what they are trying to do to help the crime rates to stop increasing, and basically all it was saying was that the one way police can be more effective is through communication. They simply said, you take the areas where the crime is, and thats where you put the cops.I feel like it shouldn't be that simple. Crime can happen anywhere, so Just because crime happens in the south of you put a bunch of cops in one area, it would be way less likely to have crime. But if all the cops are in one area, then theres no cops anywhere else, and crime will start moving to other places where it shouldn't. The next article i read was from the Missouri Torch, they interviewed the Mayor of Kans as City, Sly James. James said the main solution is Just to educate. He said, â€Å"All along the way, adults have failed to take nessacary steps to break the cycle of an ducation system that has been inefficient at best. Exactly, people wouldn't know what is right from wrong if you don't tell them growing up.

A List of Groundbreaking Interracial Romance Films

Essay Topics to Write about for College Features

Essay Topics to Write about for College Features The Battle Over Essay Topics to Write about for College and How to Win It Morality has a collection of unsolved problems, the solution on which usually presents a selection. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. Deciding on a topic is a critical issue that partly estimates final success of the job. Don't neglect to explain why the predicament is valuable to you! You're likely to whatever you truly feel like writing. Most students have a tendency to decide on easy essay topics by talking about themselves, doing their very best to express their exclusive qualities and trying to stick out from the remainder of the pack. Very often it becomes tough to choose 1 topic either due to the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. At times, even when you're writing about an interesting, relevant subject, you can nonetheless l ook immature or unready for college life on account of the direction you present that topic the way you really write your own personal statement. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. Your essay is the opportunity to invigorate your application. Be conscious of the size it must be and get started writing the narrative essay outline. Since you may see, there's a multitude of different argumentative paper titles you may utilize. The War Against Essay Topics to Write about for College It is possible to order an essay on any topic on a distinctive website, where professional writers will write you an essay or any other kind of scientific research whenever possible. More important is to go for an essay topic that you're going to be interested in writing with passion. Your stories aren't debatable. An analytical essay topic that's engaging and effective is vital. Thanks to the correct selection of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you need to attain in your essay, there are many categories essay themes may be broken into. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to discover ready-made essays and use them as an example. Persuasive essays are an excellent approach to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. The 5-Minute Rule for Essay Topics to Write about for College It's quite important to demonstrate your capacity to be a comprehensive observer of the planet, since that will be one of your most important jobs as a college student. You are able to discuss a few important events in your life, or all you have to do is speak about your hobbies and preferences. Explain your commitments, and you are going to be the type of student colleges find immensely attractive. Well, here you'll locate various items for ea ch and every college student. Pick a distinctive topic that others may not think of, and whatever you select, make sure that you know a lot about it! Note you do not need to have solved the issue, and a few of the greatest essays will explore problems which need to be solved later on. Top Choices of Essay Topics to Write about for College The cost of an essay is dependent upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. A personal essay permits the college to comprehend what sort of person you're, besides your academic and sporting achievements. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. You are able to read such essays for your pals and loved ones so they appreciate your abilities. Don't forget that the objective of a college admissions essay is to assist admissions officers get to know you. Thus, for your coursework, you're want to have the very best ideas. Fine, but you must be ready to write whatever you really feel like writing from a college that might not be your first option. The narrative format of a university application essay will be particularly great for students who wish to speak about the problems they've encountered in life. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. So you don't actually wish to locate a topic! Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get well prepared to research it. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment.

The Classic 1957 Movie 12 Angry Men Delves In To A Panel

The classic 1957 movie 12 Angry Men delves in to a panel of twelve jurors who are deciding the life or death fate of an eighteen year old italian boy accused of stabbing his father to death. The twelve men selected as jurors are a diverse group, each coming to the table with their own socioeconomic backgrounds, personal experiences, prejudice’s, and all of this plays a role in the jurors attitudes and/or misconceptions of the accused young man. How each of the jurors, all but Juror Eight played by Henry Fonda, experiences and personalities impact their original vote of guilty is clear at the beginning of the movie with the first vote. However, from the start, Juror Eight displays confidence, and demonstrates leadership abilities utilizing†¦show more content†¦He had a pretty miserable eighteen years... I just think we owe him a few words. That s all.† Juror Eight uses the appeal of logos often throughout the film, but one of the most prominent examples occurs wh en the jurors are discussing the knife that Juror 4 has pointed out is a unique knife that the storekeeper testified it was â€Å"†¦The only one of it’s kind he had ever had in stock.† Juror Eight responds to Juror Four by saying, â€Å"No. I m saying it s possible that the boy lost the knife and that someone else stabbed his father with a similar knife. It s possible.† Then Juror Eight pulls the same knife from his pocket and stabs it into the table next to the murder weapon. Along with the three appeals, Juror Eight also utilizes logical fallacies to prove a point with other jurors. Logical fallacies are repeatedly used by the jurors throughout the movie, and Juror Eight is no exception. After Juror Ten states that he believes the boy is guilty because of the testimony given by the woman who lives across the street, Juror Eight employs an Ad Hominem fallacy when he responds to Juror Ten by asking, â€Å" I’d like to ask you something: you don’t believe the boy’s story. How come you believe the woman’s? She’s one of them too, isn’t she? Juror Eight uses another Ad Hominem fallacy just after Juror Three admits he would like to pull the switch to electrocute the boy when Juror Eight reacts to this by saying,Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesManager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Se rvices Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishingRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara ®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright  © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John WileyRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesLise Johnson Sarah Vernon Amy Scholz Laura Finley Dorothy Sinclair Sandra Dumas Susan McLaughlin Kevin Murphy Laura Ierardi Allison Morris Hilary Newman mb editorial services David Levy  ©Michael Eudenbach/Getty Images, Inc. This book was set in 10/12 ITC Legacy Serif Book by Aptaracorp, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Kendallville. The cover was printed by Courier/Kendallville. This book is printed on acid free paper. Copyright  © 2010, 2007, 2005, 2002 John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved

Strategic Information Management Literature Review

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Information Managementfor Literature Review. Answer: Introduction Strategic information system are modern day information systems which help an organization to become more organized and in the process making them more efficient. The objective of a strategic information system is to provide organization some competitive advantage over the peers in the long run. This paper will explore the various concepts of strategic information system in the form of a literature review and will then look at the important softwares that are available in this category. Literature Review The world of Strategic Information Management is one of the most important aspects of information technology. Strategic information systems across businesses help in recording, storing, reporting, analyzing and processing of all kind of data that is generated in the organization. There are various tools which are offered by the systems to put in key indicators which the company wants to track on a regular basis. This will help organizations to recognize the opportunities which are available in the system and then help point areas which can help in increasing operational efficiencies (Arvidsson, 2014). This is where we come down to procurement cycle which is one of the major cycle in the whole ecosystem. The procurement cycle starts from recognizing the need for such a system; looking out for options; working out with vendors; appointing a consultant which can also be one of the vendors; looking at the options of customization; involving complete CXO suite to implement the system; doi ng cost-benefit analysis; evaluating the various price points which need to be seen; final procurement. Some of the other factors that need to be looked at are the fact how the vendor will integrate your historical data sources into the system at the first time. It is because of the fact that organizations have a lot of historical data which they also want to see in the system, and hence they become an important discussion with the vendor before taking any implementation decision. In the early days of the Strategic information system, the adoption was only seen among large corporation. The modules available were more standard in nature with minimum chances of any customization. However as the system has evolved and products have moved to the much more mature stage, there has been increased customization during the implementation of the system. However since implementation and Software information system has also moved higher on the learning curve, this has led to a lot of customization module to be implemented in the system. In the modern day Software information systems, vendors work closely as the consultant with the organization before installing any system. A Lot of customer requirements are closely studied, then customized into the system before implementing it into the clients end. This has happened more because of the fact that vendors now are more organized and want to focus more on consultancy and implementation, rather than implementation and then mo re changes in the system in the form of support (Peppard, 2014). Some of the key benefits provide by Strategic information systems are providing competitive advantages to the organizations, creating internal databases for an organization to provides them efficient marketing leads, lowering the costs of the company in business management, providing critical information for proper decision making. It is very important for an organization to create modern day channels which can be leveraged by the organization in the long run. Strategic information systems work across the value chain and intends to provide customers with help across the systems of the organizations. As per recent journals (Peppard, 2014) written customer are now engaging a lot with Strategic information system to build a strong business support for the organization. In modern day strategic information system, a lot of processing capabilities have been built in. Some of them provide support to use big data technologies, some of them have gone far and built in some of the big data technologies. Since the world if moving towards more interconnected systems, due to advent rise of smart devices, the point when a data is created are having far ahead implications. This is where modern day Strategic information systems are very advanced and as per few journals, many of the companies actually fail to completely utilize the benefits provided by strategic information systems. The organizations need to decide what kind of strategic information systems they want to adopt. It can range from financial systems, operational systems and focused strategic systems (Arvidsson, 2014). As per recent peer reviewed journals it has been seen that nowadays it has been seen that the enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are providing some tools and functionalities of Strategic information system. This is happening because vendors at times intend to provide comprehensive suite to organizations. It has also been seen that some small and medium sized organizations (SMEs) are increasingly adopting Strategic information management solutions which are scalable in nature. For such organizations what matters the most is scalability of the system. There is no point in installing Strategic information management and on a later day treat it as a legacy system when the organization size has increased and there is a requirement of a new system. This is where we come down to procurement cycle which is one of the major cycle in the whole ecosystem. The procurement cycle starts from recognizing the need of such a system; looking out for options; working out with vendors; appointing a consultant which can also be one of the vendors; looking at the options of customization; involving complete CXO suite to implement the system; doing cost benefit analysis; evaluating the various price points which need to be seen; final procurement. Some of the other factors that need to be looked at are the fact how the vendor will integrate your historical data sources into the system at the first time. It is because of the fact that organizations have lot of historical data which they also want to see in the system and hence they become an important discussion with the vendor before taking any implementation decision. Some of the cost aspects which any organization needs to take care of are hidden costs in the system; implementation charges; support charges for the future; any future AMC charges. These charges of Strategic information management systems are still known to any CIO, but the cost of failure of any aspect of the system is to be evaluated. What if the system is adopted and after 1 year there is an incidence of failure? In an agile organization non availability of data even for one day can completely destroy the brand image of the organization, if the data is client front data. Some of the famous vendors in the space are SAP, global eprocure, FullStep, Bravo Solutions, Emptoris, Curtis Fitch, Pool4 Tool, SAS, Solver, Oracle, Adaptive Insights. As per Gartner Vendor cycle they fall on different level of maturity cycle. The scope of the paper does not require each vendor and their products to be studied in detail. Given below are some vendors of strategic information systems in the business, however the focused area under this suite is performance management. Conclusion The world of Strategic Information management is one of the most important aspect of information technology. Strategic information systems across businesses help in recording, storing, reporting, analyzing and processing of all kind of data that is generated in the organization. There are various tools which are offered by the systems to put in key indicators which the company wants to track on the regular basis. This will help organizations to recognize the opportunities which are available in the system and then help pin point areas which can help in increasing operational efficiencies. This is where we come down to procurement cycle which is one of the major cycle in the whole ecosystem. As per recent peer reviewed journals it has been seen that nowadays it has been seen that the enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are providing some tools and functionalities of Strategic information system. This is happening because vendors at times intend to provide comprehensive suite to organizations. It has also been seen that some small and medium sized organizations (SMEs) are increasingly adopting Strategic information management solutions which are scalable in nature. For such organizations what matters the most is scalability of the system. There is no point in installing Strategic information management and on a later day treat it as a legacy system when the organization size has increased and there is a requirement of a new system. Some of the key benefits provides by Strategic information systems are providing competitive advantages to the organizations, creating internal databases for organization to provide them efficient marketing leads, lowering the costs of the company in business management, providing critical information for proper decision making. It is very important for an organization to create modern day channels which can be leveraged by the organization in the long run. Strategic information systems work across the value chain and intends to provide customers with help across the systems of the organizations. As per recent journals written customer are now engaging a lot with Strategic information system to build a strong business support for the organization. References Arvidsson, V., Holmstrm, J. and Lyytinen, K., 2014. Information systems use as strategy practice: A multi-dimensional view of strategic information system implementation and use.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems,23(1), pp.45-61 Barringer, B., 2012.Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, (2012) Cassidy, A., 2016.A practical guide to information systems strategic planning. CRC press Du, J., Cook, W.D., Liang, L. and Zhu, J., 2014. 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